## Обзор типов оконных приложений в C#. Знакомство со структурой проекта WPF/Avalonia. Компоновка. Image. Ресурсы.
### Структура и пространства имен AXAML
```
<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
        x:Class="App.MainWindow"
        Title="App">
    Welcome to Avalonia!
</Window>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 215721.png)

### Элементы и их атрибуты
```
<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
        x:Class="App.MainWindow"
        Title="App">
    <Button 
        x:Name="button1"  
        Width="100" 
        Height="30" 
        Content="Кнопка" />
</Window>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 223202.png)
### Специальные символы 
```
<Button 
        Content="&lt;&quot;Hello&quot;&gt;" 
    />
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 224431.png)
```
<Window 
    xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
    x:Class="App.MainWindow"
    Title="App">
    <Button
        xml:space="preserve"> Hello          World
</Button>
</Window>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 224509.png)
```
### Взаимодействие кода C# и XAML
<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:App;assembly=App"
        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
        x:Class="App1.MainWindow"
        Title="App">
    <Grid>
        <TextBox 
            x:Name="textBox1" 
            Width="150" 
            Height="30" 
            VerticalAlignment="Top" 
            Margin="20" />
        <Button 
            x:Name="button1"  
            Width="100" 
            Height="30" 
            Content="Кнопка" 
            Click="Button_Click" />
    </Grid>
</Window>
```
```
using Avalonia.Controls; 
using Avalonia.Interactivity;

namespace App;

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void Button_Click(
        object? sender, 
        RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        string text = textBox1.Text;
        if (text != "")
        {
           var messageWindow = new Window()
        {
            Title = "Message",
            Content = new TextBlock() { Text = text }
        };
        messageWindow.ShowDialog(this);
        }
    }
}
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 225115.png)
### Пространства имен из C# в XAML
```
using Avalonia.Controls;
using Avalonia.Interactivity;
using Avalonia.Markup.Xaml;
using App;

namespace App
{
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            AvaloniaXamlLoader.Load(this);
            Button phoneButton = this.FindControl<Button>("phoneButton");
            phoneButton.Click += PhoneButton_Click;
        }

        private void PhoneButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            string text = "Смартфон Lumia 950; цена: 700";
            
            var messageWindow = new Window()
            {
                Title = "Message",
                Content = new TextBlock() { Text = text }
            };
            messageWindow.ShowDialog(this);
        }
    }
}
```
```
<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:App;assembly=App"
        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
        x:Class="App.MainWindow"
        Title="App">
        <Button x:Name = "phoneButton" Width="250" Height="40">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="Lumia 950" Margin="5"/>
            <TextBlock Text="$700" Margin="5"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </Button>
</Window>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 230646.png)
### Компоновка
```
<Window xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:App;assembly=App"
        mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="800" d:DesignHeight="450"
        x:Class="App.MainWindow"
        Title="App">
        <Grid ShowGridLines="True">
                <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                        <RowDefinition />
                        <RowDefinition />
                        <RowDefinition />
                </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                        <ColumnDefinition />
                        <ColumnDefinition />
                        <ColumnDefinition />
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        </Grid>
</Window>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 231335.png)
```
<Grid ShowGridLines="True">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition />
        <RowDefinition />
        <RowDefinition />
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition />
        <ColumnDefinition />
        <ColumnDefinition />
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <Button 
        Content="Строка 0 Столбец 0"  />
    <Button 
        Grid.Column="0" 
        Grid.Row="1" 
        Content="Объединение трех столбцов" 
        Grid.ColumnSpan="3"  />
    <Button 
        Grid.Column="2" 
        Grid.Row="2" 
        Content="Строка 2 Столбец 2"  />
</Grid>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 231412.png )
### GridSplitter
```
<Grid>
    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
        <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
    <Button 
        Grid.Column="0" 
        Content="Левая кнопка" />
    <GridSplitter
        Grid.Column="1" 
        Width="3" />
    <Button 
        Grid.Column="2" 
        Content="Правая кнопка" />
</Grid>
```
![](./picture/Снимок_экрана_2024-04-25_231552.png)
### StackPanel
```
<Grid>
    <StackPanel>
        <Button 
            Background="Blue" 
            Content="1" />
        <Button 
            Background="White" 
            Content="2" />
        <Button 
            Background="Red" 
            Content="3" />
    </StackPanel>
</Grid>
```
![](.picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 231652.png)

### WrapPanel
```
<WrapPanel>
    <Button 
        Background="AliceBlue" 
        Content="Кнопка 1" />
    <Button 
        Background="Blue" 
        Content="Кнопка 2" />
    <Button 
        Background="Aquamarine" 
        Content="Кнопка 3" 
        Height="30"/>
    <Button 
        Background="DarkGreen" 
        Content="Кнопка 4" 
        Height="20"/>
    <Button 
        Background="LightGreen" 
        Content="Кнопка 5"/>
    <Button 
        Background="RosyBrown" 
        Content="Кнопка 6" 
        Width="80" />
    <Button 
        Background="GhostWhite" 
        Content="Кнопка 7" />
</WrapPanel>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 231744.png)
```
<WrapPanel Orientation="Vertical">
    <Button 
        Background="AliceBlue" 
        Content="Кнопка 1" 
        Height="50" />
    <Button 
        Background="Blue" 
        Content="Кнопка 2" />
    <Button 
        Background="Aquamarine" 
        Content="Кнопка 3" 
        Width="60"/>
    <Button 
        Background="DarkGreen" 
        Content="Кнопка 4" 
        Width="80"/>
    <Button 
        Background="LightGreen" 
        Content="Кнопка 5"/>
    <Button 
        Background="RosyBrown" 
        Content="Кнопка 6" 
        Height="80" />
    <Button 
        Background="GhostWhite" 
        Content="Кнопка 7" />
    <Button 
        Background="Bisque" 
        Content="Кнопка 8" />
</WrapPanel>
```
![](./picture/Снимок экрана 2024-04-25 231821.png